Before considering surgical treatment options, it is important to understand Chiari malformation and its impact on the body. The condition occurs when the cerebellar tonsils, located at the base of the brain, protrude into the spinal canal.
To understand this condition, it is also important to understand the anatomy of the lumbar spine.
The lower back, known as the lumbar spine, is composed of five vertebrae. These vertebrae are in the lower section of the spine, between the ribs and the pelvis.
There are three hallmark symptoms associated with this disease, with headaches being the most common. While there may not be a specific headache pattern, patients often describe pain behind the eyes or in the back of the head, that worsens when lying flat or first waking up. Migraine type headaches can also be present, and many patients may in fact be treated for migraine headaches
Today, the term pseudotumor is outdated but some healthcare providers may still refer to this disease as pseudotumor cerebri. It is not uncommon to misdiagnose a patient with IIH as simply having a migraine headache, and be treated as such.
The brain is located in a closed space surrounded by the skull. Underneath the skull is a type of covering of the brain, called the dura that surrounds the brain. This layer keeps the ridges of the skull smooth so the brain is better protected. Sustaining head injuries can cause many different types of bleeding inside the brain depending on the type of injury, and whether it is a traumatic brain injury or minor head injury.
